This report has been developed based on secondary research information on Vunerability, and outputs of discussions and analyses in the ?Shared learning workshop on vulnerability assessment tools and approaches for disaster risk reduction in rural and urban areas.? This document explores the challenges involved in conducting VCA in urban areas and aims to provoke further discussion on how to address them. Participants of the workshop included experts from ISET, the IFRC, VNRC, ARC, and experts from provincial/city level Red Cross of Quang Ngai, Quang Nam, Da Nang, Thua Thien Hue and Ha Tinh. This report analyzes difficulties and challenges in applying the current set of VCA tools in urban areas, and present some broad suggestions of how to improve these tools and apply new approaches for VCA in urban areas. Keywords: Disaster Risk Reduction/Hazard Management; Monitoring and Evaluation Keywords: Disaster Risk Reduction/Hazard Management; Monitoring and Evaluation